Automated apparel collection imagery

ABSTRACT

A system allows a user to create new designs for apparel and preview these designs before manufacture. Software and lasers are used in finishing apparel to produce a desired wear pattern or other design. The system provides updating an image provided by the user, with apparel designed by the user.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. patent applications62/636,108 and 62/636,112, filed Feb. 27, 2018, which are incorporatedby reference along with all other references cited in this application.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to apparel finishing and, morespecifically, the use of a laser in the finishing of garments,especially denim including jeans, shirts, shorts, jackets, vests, andskirts, to obtain a faded, distressed, washed, or worn finish orappearance.

In 1853, during the California Gold Rush, Levi Strauss, a 24-year-oldGerman immigrant, left New York for San Francisco with a small supply ofdry goods with the intention of opening a branch of his brother's NewYork dry goods business. Shortly after arriving in San Francisco, Mr.Strauss realized that the miners and prospectors (called the “fortyniners”) needed pants strong enough to last through the hard workconditions they endured. So, Mr. Strauss developed the now familiarjeans which he sold to the miners. The company he founded, Levi Strauss& Co., still sells jeans and is the most widely known jeans brand in theworld. Levi's is a trademark of Levi Strauss & Co. or LS&Co.

Though jeans at the time of the Gold Rush were used as work clothes,jeans have evolved to be fashionably worn everyday by men and women,showing up on billboards, television commercials, and fashion runways.Fashion is one of the largest consumer industries in the U.S. and aroundthe world. Jeans and related apparel are a significant segment of theindustry.

As fashion, people are concerned with the appearance of their jeans.Many people desire a faded or worn blue jeans look. In the past, jeansbecame faded or distressed through normal wash and wear. The apparelindustry recognized people's desire for the worn blue jeans look andbegan producing jeans and apparel with a variety of wear patterns. Thewear patterns have become part of the jeans style and fashion. Someexamples of wear patterns include combs or honeycombs, whiskers, stacks,and train tracks.

Despite the widespread success jeans have enjoyed, the process toproduce modern jeans with wear patterns takes processing time, hasrelatively high processing cost, and is resource intensive. A typicalprocess to produce jeans uses significant amounts of water, chemicals(e.g., bleaching or oxidizing agents), ozone, enzymes, and pumice stone.For example, it may take about twenty to sixty liters of water to finisheach pair of jeans.

Therefore, there is a need for an improved process for finishing jeansthat reduces environmental impact, processing time, and processingcosts, while maintaining the look and style of traditional finishingtechniques. There is a need for a tool to create and preview patterns onjeans before laser finishing.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A tool allows a user to create new designs for apparel and preview thesedesigns before manufacture. Software and lasers are used in finishingapparel to produce a desired wear pattern or other design. Based on alaser input file with a pattern, a laser will burn the pattern ontoapparel. With the tool, the user will be able to create, make changes,and view images of a design, in real time, before burning by a laser.Input to the tool includes fabric template images, laser input files,and damage input. The tool allows adding of tinting and adjusting ofintensity and bright point. The user can also move, rotate, scale, andwarp the image input.

In an implementation, a method for automated apparel collection imageryincludes: providing a garment previewing tool that allows previewing ona computer screen of a garment base customized by a user with afinishing pattern, where the garment previewing tool includes: providingan option for the user to select the garment base and upon the user'sselection, showing a first garment preview image on the computer screenincluding a jeans base image for the selected garment base, providing anoption for the user to select a wear pattern from a menu of wearpatterns, where each wear pattern is associated with a laser input fileto be used by a laser to produce that wear pattern onto a jeans garment,and after the wear pattern is selected, allowing the user to select thewear pattern and modify a sizing or position of the wear patternrelative to the jeans base image; in response to a selection from theuser to modify the sizing or positioning of the wear pattern relative tothe jeans base image, creating a garment preview image including thejeans base image and selected wear pattern, with modified sizing ormodified positioning, or a combination. The method includes receiving auser-provided image, where the user-provided image includes one or morepersons captured in the user-provided image and the user-provided imagehas at least one location suitable for including a jeans garment;analyzing the user-provided image using segmenting analysis to identifyone or more locations in the user-provided image where garments may beplaced, where the one or more locations includes a first locationidentifies a location suitable for including a jeans garment. The methodincludes for the first location, determining a first pose of a person atthe first location captured in the user-provided image; modifying thegarment preview image to correct for the first pose captured in theuser-provided image; and replacing at the first location the modifiedgarment preview image. The method includes providing a target garmentcorresponding to the garment base selected by the user; and based on alaser input file associated with a selected wear pattern with modifiedsizing or modified positioning, or a combination, using a laser tocreate a finishing pattern on an outer surface of the target garment.

The method includes replacing more than one item in the user-providedimage. The method includes: for a second garment created using thegarment previewing tool, creating a second garment preview imageincluding a second jeans base image and second selected wear pattern,with modified sizing or modified positioning, or a combination; for asecond location, determining a second pose of a person at the secondlocation captured in the user-provided image; modifying the secondgarment preview image to correct for the second pose captured in theuser-provided image; and replacing at the second location the modifiedsecond garment preview image. The method includes for a second location,determining a second location in the user-provided image where anaccessory or clothing top may be placed; and replacing at the secondlocation an accessory or clothing top.

The method includes pose estimation techniques. The method includeswhere determining the first pose includes detecting an articulationpoint corresponding to a knee area of the person captured in theuser-provided image and the modified garment preview image includes anadjustment for the articulation point.

The user-provided image may include various objects. The method includesan advertisement or store signage.

The method includes a jeans garment. The method includes where a methodof manufacturing the target garment includes: assembling the targetgarment from fabric panels of a woven first material including a warpincluding indigo ring-dyed cotton yarn, where the fabric panels are sewntogether using thread. The method includes where based on the laserinput file, the laser removes selected amounts of material from thesurface of a material of the target garment at different pixel locationsof the garment, and for lighter pixel locations of the finishingpattern, a greater amount of the indigo ring-dyed cotton warp yarn isremoved, while for darker pixel locations of the finishing pattern, alesser amount of the indigo ring-dyed cotton warp yarn is removed. Themethod includes where when using the laser to create a finishingpattern, different laser levels are obtained by varying an output of thelaser beam by altering a characteristic of the laser including at leastone of a frequency, period, pulse width, power, duty cycle, or burningspeed. The method includes where the target garment is made of at leastone of a twill material or a cotton twill material. The method includeswhere the garment base corresponds to a base fit fabric and the base fitfabric includes known characteristics regarding the suitability of thebase fit fabric for finishing using the laser.

Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent upon consideration of the following detailed descriptionand the accompanying drawings, in which like reference designationsrepresent like features throughout the figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a system for creating, designing,producing apparel products with laser finishing.

FIG. 2 shows a flow for a finishing technique that includes the use of alaser.

FIG. 3 shows a weave pattern for a denim fabric.

FIGS. 4-7 show how the laser alters the color of ring-dyed yarn.

FIG. 8 shows a flow for finishing in two finishing steps and using basetemplates.

FIG. 9 shows multiple base templates and multiple resulting finishedproducts from each of these templates.

FIG. 10 shows a distributed computer network.

FIG. 11 shows a computer system that can be used in laser finishing.

FIG. 12 shows a system block diagram of the computer system.

FIGS. 13-14 show examples of mobile devices.

FIG. 15 shows a system block diagram of a mobile device.

FIG. 16 shows a block diagram of a system for creating, designing,producing apparel products with laser finishing.

FIG. 17 shows a block diagram of a specific implementation of a previewtool.

FIG. 18 shows a block diagram of a brief tool.

FIG. 19 shows a technique of generating a preview of a finished imageusing a brief tool.

FIG. 20 shows a block diagram of a technique of generating a preview ofa laser finishing pattern on a garment.

FIG. 21 shows a system for apparel manufacturing and sales.

FIG. 22 shows block diagram of a digital showroom system.

FIG. 23 shows an order tool.

FIG. 24 shows a system diagram of a system using a collection imagerytool.

FIG. 25 shows a flow for a system including the collection imagery tool.

FIG. 26 shows an example of customer imagery.

FIG. 27 shows an example of a segmentation process performed on customerimagery.

FIG. 28 shows an example of a pose estimation process performed oncustomer imagery.

FIG. 29 shows a result of the collection on collection imagery tool.

FIG. 30 shows a more detailed flow for the collection on collectionimagery tool.

FIG. 31 shows some specific techniques for segmentation, poseestimation, and image replacement or modification.

FIG. 32 shows an illustration of differences between a faster R-CNNtechnique and the mask R-CNN technique.

FIG. 33 shows a system diagram of a system including an inventoryswapper tool.

FIG. 34 shows a flow of a system including an inventory swapper tool.

FIG. 35 shows an overview of an inventory swapper tool.

FIG. 36 shows a flow for an inventory swapper technique.

FIG. 37 shows some distances methods that can be used in swapper.

FIG. 38 shows flows for the image distance measurements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows a process flow 101 for manufacturing apparel such as jeans,where garments are finished using a laser. The fabric or material forvarious apparel including jeans is made from natural or synthetic fibers106, or a combination of these. A fabric mill takes fibers and processes109 these fibers to produce a laser-sensitive finished fabric 112, whichhas enhanced response characteristics for laser finishing.

Some examples of natural fibers include cotton, flax, hemp, sisal, jute,kenaf, and coconut; fibers from animal sources include silk, wool,cashmere, and mohair. Some examples of synthetic fibers includepolyester, nylon, spandex or elastane, and other polymers. Some examplesof semisynthetic fibers include rayon, viscose, modal, and lyocell,which are made from a regenerated cellulose fiber. A fabric can be anatural fiber alone (e.g., cotton), a synthetic fiber alone (e.g.,polyester alone), a blend of natural and synthetic fibers (e.g., cottonand polyester blend, or cotton and spandex), or a blend of natural andsemisynthetic fibers, or any combination of these or other fibers.

For jeans, the fabric is typically a denim, which is a sturdy cottonwarp-faced textile in which a weft passes under two or more warpthreads. This twill weaving produces a diagonal ribbing. The yarns(e.g., warp yarns) are dyed using an indigo or blue dye, which ischaracteristic of blue jeans.

Although this patent describes the apparel processing and finishing withrespect to jeans, the invention is not limited jeans or denim products,such as shirts, shorts, jackets, vests, and skirts. The techniques andapproaches described are applicable to other apparel and products,including non-denim products and products made from knit materials. Someexamples include T-shirts, sweaters, coats, sweatshirts (e.g., hoodies),casual wear, athletic wear, outerwear, dresses, evening wear, sleepwear,loungewear, underwear, socks, bags, backpacks, uniforms, umbrellas,swimwear, bed sheets, scarves, and many others.

A manufacturer creates a design 115 (design I) of its product. Thedesign can be for a particular type of clothing or garment (e.g., men'sor women's jean, or jacket), sizing of the garment (e.g., small, medium,or large, or waist size and inseam length), or other design feature. Thedesign can be specified by a pattern or cut used to form pieces of thepattern. A fabric is selected and patterned and cut 118 based on thedesign. The pattern pieces are assembled together 121 into the garment,typically by sewing, but can be joined together using other techniques(e.g., rivets, buttons, zipper, hoop and loop, adhesives, or othertechniques and structures to join fabrics and materials together).

Some garments can be complete after assembly and ready for sale.However, other garments are unfinished 122 and have additional finishing124, which includes laser finishing. The finishing may include tinting,washing, softening, and fixing. For distressed denim products, thefinishing can include using a laser to produce a wear pattern accordingto a design 127 (design II). Some additional details of laser finishingare described in U.S. patent application 62/377,447, filed Aug. 19,2016, and Ser. No. 15/682,507, filed Aug. 21, 2017, issued as U.S. Pat.No. 10,051,905 on Aug. 21, 2018, which are incorporated by referencealong with all other references cited in this application. U.S. patentapplications 62/636,108, filed Feb. 27, 2018, and 62/715,788, filed Aug.7, 2018, describe some specific implementations of a brief builderapplication and are incorporated by reference.

U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 16/288,035, 16/288,036, 16/288,038,16/288,042, 16/288,046, 16/288,047, 16/288,048, 16/288,050, and16/288,054, filed Feb. 27, 2019, are incorporated by reference.

Design 127 is for postassembly aspects of a garment while design 115 isfor preassembly aspects of a garment. After finishing, a finishedproduct 130 (e.g., a pair of jeans) is complete and ready for sale. Thefinished product is inventoried and distributed 133, delivered to stores136, and sold to consumers or customers 139. The consumer can buy andwear worn blue jeans without having to wear out the jeans themselves,which usually takes significant time and effort.

Traditionally, to produce distressed denim products, finishingtechniques include dry abrasion, wet processing, oxidation, or othertechniques, or combinations of these, to accelerate wear of the materialin order to produce a desired wear pattern. Dry abrasion can includesandblasting or using sandpaper. For example, some portions or localizedareas of the fabric are sanded to abrade the fabric surface. Wetprocessing can include washing in water, washing with oxidizers (e.g.,bleach, peroxide, ozone, or potassium permanganate), spraying withoxidizers, washing with abrasives (e.g., pumice, stone, or grit).

These traditional finishing approaches take time, incur expense, andimpact the environment by utilizing resources and producing waste. It isdesirable to reduce water and chemical usage, which can includeeliminating the use agents such as potassium permanganate and pumice. Analternative to these traditional finishing approaches is laserfinishing.

FIG. 2 shows a finishing technique that includes the use of a laser 207.A laser is a device that emits light through a process of opticalamplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagneticradiation. Lasers are used for bar code scanning, medical proceduressuch as corrective eye surgery, and industrial applications such aswelding. A particular type of laser for finishing apparel is a carbondioxide laser, which emits a beam of infrared radiation.

The laser is controlled by an input file 210 and control software 213 toemit a laser beam onto fabric at a particular position or location at aspecific power level for a specific amount of time. Further, the powerof the laser beam can be varied according to a waveform such as a pulsewave with a particular frequency, period, pulse width, or othercharacteristic. Some aspects of the laser that can be controlled includethe duty cycle, frequency, marking or burning speed, and otherparameters.

The duty cycle is a percentage of laser emission time. Some examples ofduty cycle percentages include 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 80, and 100 percent.The frequency is the laser pulse frequency. A low frequency might be,for example, 5 kilohertz, while a high frequency might be, for example,25 kilohertz. Generally, lower frequencies will have higher surfacepenetration than high frequencies, which has less surface penetration.

The laser acts like a printer and “prints,” “marks,” or “burns” a wearpattern (specified by input file 210) onto the garment. The fabric thatis exposed to the laser beam (e.g., infrared beam) changes color,lightening the fabric at a specified position by a certain amount basedon the laser power, time of exposure, and waveform used. The lasercontinues from position to position until the wear pattern is completelyprinted on the garment.

In a specific implementation, the laser has a resolution of about 34dots per inch (dpi), which on the garment is about 0.7 millimeters perpixel. The technique described in this patent is not dependent on thelaser's resolution, and will work with lasers have more or lessresolution than 34 dots per inch. For example, the laser can have aresolution of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 72, 80, 96, 100, 120, 150,200, 300, or 600 dots per inch, or more or less than any of these orother values. Typically, the greater the resolution, the finer thefeatures that can be printed on the garment in a single pass. By usingmultiple passes (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, or more passes) with the laser, theeffective resolution can be increased. In an implementation, multiplelaser passes are used.

Jeans are dyed using an indigo dye, which results in a blue coloredfabric. The blue color is caused by chromophores trapped in the fabricwhich reflect light as a blue color. U.S. patent application 62/433,739,filed Dec. 13, 2016, which is incorporated by reference, describes adenim material with enhanced response characteristics to laserfinishing. Using a denim material made from indigo ring-dyed yarn,variations in highs and lows in indigo color shading is achieved byusing a laser.

FIG. 3 shows a weave pattern of a denim fabric 326. A loom does theweaving. In weaving, warp is the lengthwise or longitudinal yarn orthread in a roll, while weft or woof is the transverse thread. The weftyarn is drawn through the warp yarns to create the fabric. In FIG. 3,the warps extend in a first direction 335 (e.g., north and south) whilethe wefts extend in a direction 337 (e.g., east and west). The wefts areshown as a continuous yarn that zigzags across the wefts (e.g., carriedacross by a shuttle or a rapier of the loom). Alternatively, the weftscould be separate yarns. In some specific implementations, the warp yarnhas a different weight or thickness than the weft yarns. For example,warp yarns can be coarser than the weft yarns.

For denim, dyed yarn is used for the warp, and undyed or white yarn istypically used for the weft yarn. In some denim fabrics, the weft yarncan be dyed and have a color other than white, such as red. In the denimweave, the weft passes under two or more warp threads. FIG. 3 shows aweave with the weft passing under two warp threads. Specifically, thefabric weave is known as a 2×1 right-hand twill. For a right-hand twill,a direction of the diagonal is from a lower left to an upper right. Fora left-hand twill, a direction of the diagonal is from a lower right toan upper left. But in other denim weaves, the weft can pass under adifferent number of warp threads, such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or more. Inother implementation, the denim is a 3×1 right-hand twill, which meansthe weft passes under three warp threads.

Because of the weave, one side of the fabric exposes more of the warpyarns (e.g., warp-faced side), while the other side exposes more of theweft yarns (e.g., weft-faced side). When the warp yarns are blue andweft yarns are white, a result of the weave is the warp-faced side willappear mostly blue while the reverse side, weft-faced side, will appearmostly white.

In denim, the warp is typically 100 percent cotton. But some warp yarnscan be a blend with, for example, elastane to allow for warp stretch.And some yarns for other fabrics may contain other fibers, such aspolyester or elastane as examples.

In an indigo ring-dyed yarn, the indigo does not fully penetrate to acore of the yarn. Rather, the indigo dye is applied at a surface of thecotton yarn and diffuses toward the interior of the yarn. So when theyarn is viewed cross-sectionally, the indigo dyed material will appearas a ring on around an outer edge of the yarn. The shading of the indigodye will generally lighten in a gradient as a distance increases fromthe surface of the yarn to the center (or core) of the yarn.

During laser finishing, the laser removes a selected amount of thesurface of the indigo dyed yarn (e.g., blue color) to reveal a lightercolor (e.g., white color) of the inner core of the ring-dyed yarn. Themore of the indigo dyed material that is removed, the lighter the color(e.g., lighter shade of blue). The more of the indigo dyed material thatremains, the darker the color (e.g., deeper shade of blue). The lasercan be controlled precisely to remove a desired amount of material toachieve a desired shade of blue in a desired place or position on thematerial.

With laser finishing, a finish can be applied (e.g., printed or burnedvia the laser) onto apparel (e.g., jeans and denim garments) that willappear similar to or indistinguishable from a finish obtained usingtraditional processing techniques (e.g., dry abrasion, wet processing,and oxidation). Laser finishing of apparel is less costly and is fasterthan traditional finishing techniques and also has reduced environmentalimpact (e.g., eliminating the use of harsh chemical agents and reducingwaste).

FIGS. 4-7 show how the laser alters the color of ring-dyed yarn. FIG. 4shows a laser beam 407 striking a ring-dyed yarn 413 having indigo-dyedfibers 418 and white core fibers 422. The laser removes the dyed fibers,which can be by vaporizing or otherwise destroying the cotton fiber viaheat or high temperature that the laser beam causes.

FIG. 5 shows the laser using a first power level setting or firstexposure time setting, or a combination of these, to remove some of thedyed fibers, but not revealing any of the white core fibers. The undyedfibers remain covered. There is no color change.

FIG. 6 shows the laser using a second power level setting or secondexposure time setting, or a combination of these, to remove more of thedyed fibers than in FIG. 5. The second power level is greater than thefirst power level, or the second exposure time setting is greater thanthe first exposure time setting, or a combination of these. The resultis some of the undyed fibers are revealed. There is a color change,subtle highlighting.

FIG. 7 shows the laser using a third power level setting or thirdexposure time setting, or a combination of these, to remove even more ofthe dyed fibers than in FIG. 6. The third power level is greater thanthe second power level, or the third exposure time setting is greaterthan the second exposure time setting, or a combination of these. Theresult is more of the undyed fibers are revealed. There is a colorchange, brighter highlighting.

As shown in FIG. 2, before laser 207, the fabric can be prepared 216 forthe laser, which may be referred to as a base preparation, and caninclude a prelaser wash. This step helps improves the results of thelaser. After the laser, there can be a postlaser wash 219. This wash canclean or remove any residue caused by the laser, such as removing anycharring (which would appear as brown or slightly burning). There can beadditional finish 221, which may be including tinting, softening, orfixing, to complete finishing.

FIG. 8 shows a technique where finishing 124 is divided into twofinishing steps, finishing I and finishing II. Finishing I 808 is aninitial finishing to create base templates 811. With finishing II 814,each base template can be used to manufacture multiple final finishes817.

FIG. 9 shows multiple base templates, base A, base B, and base C. Thesebase templates may be referred to as base fit fabrics or BFFs. In animplementation, the base templates can be created during base prep andprelaser wash 216 (see FIG. 2). During finishing I, by using differentwash 216 methods or recipes, each different base template can becreated.

Finishing II can include laser finishing. Base A is lasered withdifferent designs to obtain various final product based on base A (e.g.,FP(A)1 to FP(A)i, where i is an integer). Base B is lasered withdifferent designs to obtain various final products based on base B(e.g., FP(B)1 to FP(B)j, where j is an integer). Base C is lasered withdifferent designs to obtain various final products based on base C(e.g., FP(C)1 to FP(C)k, where k is an integer). Each base can be usedto obtain a number of different final designs. For example, the integersi, j, and k can have different values.

As described above and shown in FIG. 2, after finishing II, there can beadditional finishing during post laser wash 219 and additional finishing221. For example, during the postlaser wash, there may be additionaltinting to the lasered garments. This tinting can result in an overallcolor cast to change the look of the garment.

In an implementation, laser finishing is used to create many differentfinishes (each a different product) easily and quickly from the samefabric template or BFF or “blank.” For each fabric, there will be anumber of base fit fabrics. These base fit fabrics are lasered toproduce many different finishes, each being a different product for aproduct line. Laser finishing allows greater efficiency because by usingfabric templates (or base fit fabrics), a single fabric or material canbe used to create many different products for a product line, more thanis possible with traditional processing. This reduces the inventory ofdifferent fabric and finish raw materials.

For a particular product (e.g., 511 product), there can be two differentfabrics, such as base B and base C of FIG. 9. The fabrics can be part ofa fabric tool kit. For base B, there are multiple base fit fabrics,FP(B)1, FP(B)2, and so forth. Using laser finishing, a base fit fabric(e.g., FP(B)1) can be used to product any number of different finishes(e.g., eight different finishes), each of which would be considered adifferent product model.

For example, FP(B)1 can be laser finished using different laser files(e.g., laser file 1, laser file 2, laser file 3, or others) or havedifferent postlaser wash (e.g., postlaser wash recipe 1, postlaser washrecipe 2, postlaser wash recipe 3, or others), or any combination ofthese. A first product would be base fit fabric FP(B)1 lasered usinglaser file 1 and washed using postlaser wash recipe 1. A second productwould be base fit fabric FP(B)1 lasered using laser file 2 and washedusing postlaser wash recipe 1. A third product would be base fit fabricFP(B)1 lasered using laser file 2 and washed using postlaser wash recipe2. And there can be many more products based on the same base fitfabric. Each can have a different product identifier or uniqueidentifier, such as a different PC9 or nine-digit product code.

With laser finishing, many products or PC9s are produced for each basefit fabric or blank. Compared to traditional processing, this is asignificant improvement in providing greater numbers of differentproducts with less different fabrics and finishes (each of which intraditional processing consume resources, increasing cost, and taketime). Inventory is reduced. The technique of providing base fitfinishes or fabric templates for laser finishing has significant andmany benefits.

A system incorporating laser finishing can include a computer to controlor monitor operation, or both. FIG. 10 shows an example of a computerthat is component of a laser finishing system. The computer may be aseparate unit that is connected to a system, or may be embedded inelectronics of the system. In an embodiment, the invention includessoftware that executes on a computer workstation system or server, suchas shown in FIG. 10.

FIG. 10 is a simplified block diagram of a distributed computer network1000 incorporating an embodiment of the present invention. Computernetwork 1000 includes a number of client systems 1013, 1016, and 1019,and a server system 1022 coupled to a communication network 1024 via aplurality of communication links 1028. Communication network 1024provides a mechanism for allowing the various components of distributednetwork 1000 to communicate and exchange information with each other.

Communication network 1024 may itself be comprised of manyinterconnected computer systems and communication links. Communicationlinks 1028 may be hardwire links, optical links, satellite or otherwireless communications links, wave propagation links, or any othermechanisms for communication of information. Communication links 1028may be DSL, Cable, Ethernet or other hardwire links, passive or activeoptical links, 3G, 3.5G, 4G and other mobility, satellite or otherwireless communications links, wave propagation links, or any othermechanisms for communication of information.

Various communication protocols may be used to facilitate communicationbetween the various systems shown in FIG. 10. These communicationprotocols may include VLAN, MPLS, TCP/IP, Tunneling, HTTP protocols,wireless application protocol (WAP), vendor-specific protocols,customized protocols, and others. While in one embodiment, communicationnetwork 1024 is the Internet, in other embodiments, communicationnetwork 1024 may be any suitable communication network including a localarea network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless network, anintranet, a private network, a public network, a switched network, andcombinations of these, and the like.

Distributed computer network 1000 in FIG. 10 is merely illustrative ofan embodiment incorporating the present invention and does not limit thescope of the invention as recited in the claims. One of ordinary skillin the art would recognize other variations, modifications, andalternatives. For example, more than one server system 1022 may beconnected to communication network 1024. As another example, a number ofclient systems 1013, 1016, and 1019 may be coupled to communicationnetwork 1024 via an access provider (not shown) or via some other serversystem.

Client systems 1013, 1016, and 1019 typically request information from aserver system which provides the information. For this reason, serversystems typically have more computing and storage capacity than clientsystems. However, a particular computer system may act as both as aclient or a server depending on whether the computer system isrequesting or providing information. Additionally, although aspects ofthe invention have been described using a client-server environment, itshould be apparent that the invention may also be embodied in astandalone computer system.

Server 1022 is responsible for receiving information requests fromclient systems 1013, 1016, and 1019, performing processing required tosatisfy the requests, and for forwarding the results corresponding tothe requests back to the requesting client system. The processingrequired to satisfy the request may be performed by server system 1022or may alternatively be delegated to other servers connected tocommunication network 1024.

Client systems 1013, 1016, and 1019 enable users to access and queryinformation stored by server system 1022. In a specific embodiment, theclient systems can run as a standalone application such as a desktopapplication or mobile smartphone or tablet application. In anotherembodiment, a “Web browser” application executing on a client systemenables users to select, access, retrieve, or query information storedby server system 1022. Examples of Web browsers include the InternetExplorer browser program provided by Microsoft Corporation, Firefoxbrowser provided by Mozilla, Chrome browser provided by Google, Safaribrowser provided by Apple, and others.

In a client-server environment, some resources (e.g., files, music,video, or data) are stored at the client while others are stored ordelivered from elsewhere in the network, such as a server, andaccessible via the network (e.g., the Internet). Therefore, the user'sdata can be stored in the network or “cloud.” For example, the user canwork on documents on a client device that are stored remotely on thecloud (e.g., server). Data on the client device can be synchronized withthe cloud.

FIG. 11 shows an exemplary client or server system of the presentinvention. In an embodiment, a user interfaces with the system through acomputer workstation system, such as shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 11 shows acomputer system 1101 that includes a monitor 1103, screen 1105,enclosure 1107 (may also be referred to as a system unit, cabinet, orcase), keyboard or other human input device 1109, and mouse or otherpointing device 1111. Mouse 1111 may have one or more buttons such asmouse buttons 1113.

It should be understood that the present invention is not limited anycomputing device in a specific form factor (e.g., desktop computer formfactor), but can include all types of computing devices in various formfactors. A user can interface with any computing device, includingsmartphones, personal computers, laptops, electronic tablet devices,global positioning system (GPS) receivers, portable media players,personal digital assistants (PDAs), other network access devices, andother processing devices capable of receiving or transmitting data.

For example, in a specific implementation, the client device can be asmartphone or tablet device, such as the Apple iPhone (e.g., AppleiPhone 6), Apple iPad (e.g., Apple iPad, Apple iPad Pro, or Apple iPadmini), Apple iPod (e.g, Apple iPod Touch), Samsung Galaxy product (e.g.,Galaxy S series product or Galaxy Note series product), Google Nexus andPixel devices (e.g., Google Nexus 6, Google Nexus 7, or Google Nexus 9),and Microsoft devices (e.g., Microsoft Surface tablet). Typically, asmartphone includes a telephony portion (and associated radios) and acomputer portion, which are accessible via a touch screen display.

There is nonvolatile memory to store data of the telephone portion(e.g., contacts and phone numbers) and the computer portion (e.g.,application programs including a browser, pictures, games, videos, andmusic). The smartphone typically includes a camera (e.g., front facingcamera or rear camera, or both) for taking pictures and video. Forexample, a smartphone or tablet can be used to take live video that canbe streamed to one or more other devices.

Enclosure 1107 houses familiar computer components, some of which arenot shown, such as a processor, memory, mass storage devices 1117, andthe like. Mass storage devices 1117 may include mass disk drives, floppydisks, magnetic disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, fixeddisks, hard disks, CD-ROMs, recordable CDs, DVDs, recordable DVDs (e.g.,DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, HD-DVD, or Blu-ray Disc), flash and othernonvolatile solid-state storage (e.g., USB flash drive or solid statedrive (SSD)), battery-backed-up volatile memory, tape storage, reader,and other similar media, and combinations of these.

A computer-implemented or computer-executable version or computerprogram product of the invention may be embodied using, stored on, orassociated with computer-readable medium. A computer-readable medium mayinclude any medium that participates in providing instructions to one ormore processors for execution. Such a medium may take many formsincluding, but not limited to, nonvolatile, volatile, and transmissionmedia. Nonvolatile media includes, for example, flash memory, or opticalor magnetic disks. Volatile media includes static or dynamic memory,such as cache memory or RAM. Transmission media includes coaxial cables,copper wire, fiber optic lines, and wires arranged in a bus.Transmission media can also take the form of electromagnetic, radiofrequency, acoustic, or light waves, such as those generated duringradio wave and infrared data communications.

For example, a binary, machine-executable version, of the software ofthe present invention may be stored or reside in RAM or cache memory, oron mass storage device 1117. The source code of the software of thepresent invention may also be stored or reside on mass storage device1117 (e.g., hard disk, magnetic disk, tape, or CD-ROM). As a furtherexample, code of the invention may be transmitted via wires, radiowaves, or through a network such as the Internet.

FIG. 12 shows a system block diagram of computer system 1101 used toexecute the software of the present invention. As in FIG. 11, computersystem 1101 includes monitor 1103, keyboard 1109, and mass storagedevices 1117. Computer system 1101 further includes subsystems such ascentral processor 1202, system memory 1204, input/output (I/O)controller 1206, display adapter 1208, serial or universal serial bus(USB) port 1212, network interface 1218, and speaker 1220. The inventionmay also be used with computer systems with additional or fewersubsystems. For example, a computer system could include more than oneprocessor 1202 (i.e., a multiprocessor system) or a system may include acache memory.

Arrows such as 1222 represent the system bus architecture of computersystem 1101. However, these arrows are illustrative of anyinterconnection scheme serving to link the subsystems. For example,speaker 1220 could be connected to the other subsystems through a portor have an internal direct connection to central processor 1202. Theprocessor may include multiple processors or a multicore processor,which may permit parallel processing of information. Computer system1101 shown in FIG. 12 is but an example of a computer system suitablefor use with the present invention. Other configurations of subsystemssuitable for use with the present invention will be readily apparent toone of ordinary skill in the art.

Computer software products may be written in any of various suitableprogramming languages, such as C, C++, C#, Pascal, Fortran, Perl, MATLAB(from MathWorks, www.mathworks.com), SAS, SPSS, JavaScript, AJAX, Java,Python, Erlang, and Ruby on Rails. The computer software product may bean independent application with data input and data display modules.Alternatively, the computer software products may be classes that may beinstantiated as distributed objects. The computer software products mayalso be component software such as Java Beans (from Oracle Corporation)or Enterprise Java Beans (EJB from Oracle Corporation).

An operating system for the system may be one of the Microsoft Windows®family of systems (e.g., Windows 95, 98, Me, Windows NT, Windows 2000,Windows XP, Windows XP x64 Edition, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8,Windows 10, Windows CE, Windows Mobile, Windows RT), Symbian OS, Tizen,Linux, HP-UX, UNIX, Sun OS, Solaris, Mac OS X, Apple iOS, Android, AlphaOS, AIX, IRIX32, or IRIX64. Other operating systems may be used.Microsoft Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Any trademarks or service marks used in this patent are property oftheir respective owner. Any company, product, or service names in thispatent are for identification purposes only. Use of these names, logos,and brands does not imply endorsement.

Furthermore, the computer may be connected to a network and mayinterface to other computers using this network. The network may be anintranet, internet, or the Internet, among others. The network may be awired network (e.g., using copper), telephone network, packet network,an optical network (e.g., using optical fiber), or a wireless network,or any combination of these. For example, data and other information maybe passed between the computer and components (or steps) of a system ofthe invention using a wireless network using a protocol such as Wi-Fi(IEEE standards 802.11, 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11e, 802.11g, 802.11i,802.11n, 802.11ac, and 802.11ad, just to name a few examples), nearfield communication (NFC), radio-frequency identification (RFID), mobileor cellular wireless (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G, 3GPP LTE, WiMAX, LTE, LTEAdvanced, Flash-OFDM, HIPERMAN, iBurst, EDGE Evolution, UMTS, UMTS-TDD,1×RDD, and EV-DO). For example, signals from a computer may betransferred, at least in part, wirelessly to components or othercomputers.

In an embodiment, with a Web browser executing on a computer workstationsystem, a user accesses a system on the World Wide Web (WWW) through anetwork such as the Internet. The Web browser is used to download Webpages or other content in various formats including HTML, XML, text,PDF, and postscript, and may be used to upload information to otherparts of the system. The Web browser may use uniform resourceidentifiers (URLs) to identify resources on the Web and hypertexttransfer protocol (HTTP) in transferring files on the Web.

In other implementations, the user accesses the system through either orboth of native and nonnative applications. Native applications arelocally installed on the particular computing system and are specific tothe operating system or one or more hardware devices of that computingsystem, or a combination of these. These applications (which aresometimes also referred to as “apps”) can be updated (e.g.,periodically) via a direct internet upgrade patching mechanism orthrough an applications store (e.g., Apple iTunes and App store, GooglePlay store, Windows Phone store, and Blackberry App World store).

The system can run in platform-independent, nonnative applications. Forexample, client can access the system through a Web application from oneor more servers using a network connection with the server or serversand load the Web application in a Web browser. For example, a Webapplication can be downloaded from an application server over theInternet by a Web browser. Nonnative applications can also be obtainedfrom other sources, such as a disk.

FIGS. 13-14 show examples of mobile devices, which can be mobileclients. Mobile devices are specific implementations of a computer, suchas described above. FIG. 13 shows a smartphone device 1301, and FIG. 14shows a tablet device 1401. Some examples of smartphones include theApple iPhone, Samsung Galaxy, and Google Nexus family of devices. Someexamples of tablet devices include the Apple iPad, Apple iPad Pro,Samsung Galaxy Tab, and Google Nexus family of devices.

Smartphone 1301 has an enclosure that includes a screen 1303, button1309, speaker 1311, camera 1313, and proximity sensor 1335. The screencan be a touch screen that detects and accepts input from finger touchor a stylus. The technology of the touch screen can be a resistive,capacitive, infrared grid, optical imaging, or pressure-sensitive,dispersive signal, acoustic pulse recognition, or others. The touchscreen is screen and a user input device interface that acts as a mouseand keyboard of a computer.

Button 1309 is sometimes referred to as a home button and is used toexit a program and return the user to the home screen. The phone mayalso include other buttons (not shown) such as volume buttons and on-offbutton on a side. The proximity detector can detect a user's face isclose to the phone, and can disable the phone screen and its touchsensor, so that there will be no false inputs from the user's face beingnext to screen when talking.

Tablet 1401 is similar to a smartphone. Tablet 1401 has an enclosurethat includes a screen 1403, button 1409, and camera 1413. Typically thescreen (e.g., touch screen) of a tablet is larger than a smartphone,usually 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, or more inches (measured diagonally).

FIG. 15 shows a system block diagram of mobile device 1501 used toexecute the software of the present invention. This block diagram isrepresentative of the components of smartphone or tablet device. Themobile device system includes a screen 1503 (e.g., touch screen),buttons 1509, speaker 1511, camera 1513, motion sensor 1515, lightsensor 1517, microphone 1519, indicator light 1521, and external port1523 (e.g., USB port or Apple Lightning port). These components cancommunicate with each other via a bus 1525.

The system includes wireless components such as a mobile networkconnection 1527 (e.g., mobile telephone or mobile data), Wi-Fi 1529,Bluetooth 1531, GPS 1533 (e.g., detect GPS positioning), other sensors1535 such as a proximity sensor, CPU 1537, RAM memory 1539, storage 1541(e.g. nonvolatile memory), and battery 1543 (lithium ion or lithiumpolymer cell). The battery supplies power to the electronic componentsand is rechargeable, which allows the system to be mobile.

FIG. 16 shows a block diagram of a system for creating, designing,producing apparel products with laser finishing. A box line plan 1602 isan internal and interim tool for communication between a merchandisinggroup and design group. Through the box line plan, merchandising cancommunicate what needs to be designed by the design group. The box lineplan can have open slots to be designed 1609.

There is a digital design tool 1616 merchants and design can use toclick and drag finish effects (e.g., laser files) and tint casts overimages of base washes in order to visualize possible combinations andbuild the line visually before the garment finish is actually finishedby the laser. The visualizations can be by rendering on a computersystem, such as using three-dimensional (3D) graphics.

U.S. patent application 62/433,746, filed Dec. 13, 2016, which isincorporated by reference, describes a system and operating model ofapparel manufacture with laser finishing. Laser finishing of apparelproducts allows an operating model that reduces finishing cost, lowerscarrying costs, increases productivity, shortens time to market, be morereactive to trends, reduce product constraints, reduces lost sales anddilution, and more. Improved aspects include design, development,planning, merchandising, selling, making, and delivering. The model usesfabric templates, each of which can be used be produce a multitude oflaser finishes. Operational efficiency is improved.

Designers can use the digital design tool to design products that areused to satisfy the requests in open slots 1609. Designs created usingthe digital design tool can be stored in a digital library 1622. Inputto the digital design tool include fabric templates or blanks 1627(e.g., base fit fabrics or BFFs), existing finishes 1633 (e.g., can befurther modified by the tool 1616), and new finishes 1638. New finishescan be from designs 1641 (e.g., vintage design) captured using a laserfinish software tool 1645, examples of which are described in U.S.patent applications 62/377,447, filed Aug. 19, 2016, and Ser. No.15/682,507, filed Aug. 21, 2017. Digital library 1622 can be accessibleby the region assorting and sell-in 1650. And the digital library can beused populate or satisfy the box line plan.

FIG. 17 shows a block diagram of a specific implementation of a digitaldesign tool, a preview tool 1703. Digital design tool 1616 can berepresentative of a collection of tools, such as an application suite,including desktop or mobile apps, or a combination.

Preview tool 1703 can be a single tool in a toolbox or toolkit used forlaser finishing of garments, or the tool can be incorporated as afeature of another tool. The preview tool allows a user such as aclothing designer to preview on a computer screen or to generate adigital representation (e.g., image file, JPEG file, BMP file, TIFFfile, GIF file, PNG file, PSD file, or others) of jeans in a selectedbase fit fabric or fabric template 1706 with a selected laser pattern1709 (e.g., from a laser input file). With the digital representation,the user will be able to see or preview the jeans in the selected basefit fabric as if it had been burned with the selected laser input file,without needing to actually laser or burn the jeans.

Some files are described as being of an image file type. Some examplesof image file types or file formats include bitmap or raster graphicsformats including IMG, TIFF, EXIF, JPEG, GIF, PNG, PBM, PGM, PPM, BMP,and RAW. The compression for the file can be lossless (e.g., TIFF) orlossy (e.g., JPEG). Other image file types or file formats includevector graphics including DXF, SVG, and the like.

Bitmaps or raster graphics are resolution dependent while vectorgraphics are resolution independent. Raster graphics generally cannotscale up to an arbitrary resolution without loss of apparent quality.This property contrasts with the capabilities of vector graphics, whichgenerally easily scale up to the quality of the device rendering them.

A raster graphics image is a dot matrix data structure representing agenerally rectangular grid of pixels, or points of color, viewable via amonitor, paper, or other display medium. A bitmap, such as a single-bitraster, corresponds bit-for-bit with an image displayed on a screen oroutput medium. A raster is characterized by the width and height of theimage in pixels and by the number of bits per pixel (or color depth,which determines the number of colors it can represent).

The BMP file format is an example of a bitmap. The BMP file format, alsoknown as bitmap image file or device independent bitmap (DIB) fileformat or simply a bitmap, is a raster graphics image file format usedto store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device. TheBMP file format is capable of storing two-dimensional digital images ofarbitrary width, height, and resolution, both monochrome and color, invarious color depths, and optionally with data compression, alphachannels, and color profiles.

The fabric template can be selected from a library of fabric templateimages 1716 or may be a new image uploaded or provided by the user. Eachfabric template images is an image file of a jeans in a base fit fabricor other material. For each jeans model or fit (e.g., models or fits311, 501, 505, 511, 515, 541, 569, 721, and others), there would be oneimage in each different material or base fit fabric.

The laser input file can be selected from a library of laser input files1722 (e.g., files created from vintage jeans or from a group ofdesigners), may be a file 1718 created by the user, or may be a fileuploaded or provided by the user. For example, the user may have createdthe laser pattern (contained within a laser input file) manually using agraphical or image editing tool (e.g., Adobe Photoshop and similar photoediting programs). Or the laser pattern may have been created byanother, such as selected from a library of laser files. The laserpattern may be generated by a computer or automated process, such as maybe used to obtain a laser pattern from vintage jeans. The user will beable to see the results of a burn, make any manual changes oralterations to the pattern (such as additional changes to a vintage jeanpattern in a digital image file) and preview the results again. Thepreview tool allows a user to make and see changes, to the user canobtain feedback faster than having to laser jeans to see the results andalso avoiding unneeded waste (e.g., preliminary versions of burnedjeans).

Each digital representation can be saved in a separate images, and agroup or set of the images can be a called brief of collection of jeans.The preview tool can be used for merchandising, such as generatingimages of a proposed line of products for a particular season, and theseimages can be shared among members of a team to discuss any additions,changes, or deletions to a collection.

A specific version of the preview tool overlays a fabric template inputfile and a laser input file, and then generates an image to display themtogether as a representation of the laser-finished apparel. The laserinput file is aligned to the garment in the fabric template input file,so that the positioning of features in the laser input file and atappropriate positions or places on the garment. The alignment may be byusing alignment marks that are in the input files. The alignment may bean automated alignment or scaling, or a combination.

Brightness, intensity, opacity, blending, transparency, or otheradjustable parameters for an image layer, or any combination of these,are selected or adjusted for the laser input file, so that when thelaser input file is overlaid above the fabric template image, the lookof the garment will appear of simulate the look of a garment had beenburned by a laser using that laser input file.

Adjustable parameters such as opacity can be used to blend two or moreimage layers together. For example, a layer's overall opacity determinesto what degree it obscures or reveals the layer beneath it. For example,a layer with 1 percent opacity appears nearly transparent, while onewith 100 percent opacity appears completely opaque.

Further, a dots per inch (dpi) of the combined image can be adjusted toalso more properly simulate the look of a garment more closely with aburned garment. Dots per inch refers to the number of dots in a printedinch. The more dots, the higher the quality of the print (e.g., moresharpness and detail). By reducing the dpi of the image, this willreduce the image quality, resulting a blurring of the image. In animplementation, the preview tool reduces a dpi of the combined image, tobe of less dpi than the fabric template input file or the laser inputfile. By blurring the preview image, this results in improved simulationthat corresponds better to a burned laser garment. When burning agarment, the garment material or fabric typically limits the resolutionof the result to less than that of the input file.

In an implementation, the dpi of the laser input file is about 72 dpi,while the dpi of the preview image is about 34 dpi. In animplementation, the dpi of the fabric template input file and laserinput file are about 36 dpi or above, while the dpi of the preview imageis about 36 dpi or lower.

FIG. 18 shows a block diagram of a digital brief tool 1803, which alsolike preview tool 1703, provides a real-time preview of an appearance ofpair of jeans when a finishing pattern is applied by burning using alaser input file. The digital brief tool has additional features toallow more flexible designing of jeans.

It should be understood that the invention is not limited to thespecific flows and steps presented. A flow of the invention may haveadditional steps (not necessarily described in this patent), differentsteps which replace some of the steps presented, fewer steps or a subsetof the steps presented, or steps in a different order than presented, orany combination of these. Further, the steps in other implementations ofthe invention may not be exactly the same as the steps presented and maybe modified or altered as appropriate for a particular application orbased on the data or situation.

The digital brief tool takes as input three types of digital assets1805, fabric template input 1816, damage input 1819, and laser inputfile 1822. Fabric template input 1816 and laser input file 1822 aresimilar to the inputs for the preview tool. Damage input 1819 is animage of damage (e.g., holes, rips, shredded regions, or openings ofvarious shapes and sizes) that can be burned by a laser into jeans. Thedigital brief tool overlays the damage and laser input files over thefabric template.

The user selects a fabric template input, which an image of a jeansstyle in a particular base fit fabric. The user can optionally selectone or more damage inputs. If a damage input is selected, the damageinput will be a layer that overlays the fabric template layer. As forthe preview tool, the user selects a laser input file with laser patternand overlays the fabric template layer. As the user selects the inputs,the user will be able to see in real time the inputs and any changes orupdates in a preview image or brief.

After the inputs are selected, the user can select and perform one ormore operations 1826 on the inputs using the digital brief tool. Theseoperations including adding tint 1831, adjusting intensity 1834,adjusting bright point 1837, move digital asset 1842, rotate digitalasset 1845, scale digital asset 1848, and warp digital asset 1852. Asthe user selects and performs one or more operations, the user will beable to see in real time the changes or updates in the preview image orbrief.

After the fabric template input, the user can add tinting 1831. Tintingwill adjust the hue of the color of the fabric template input. Tintingis representative of the tinting which can be added during the postlaserwash or finishing II, described above. The user will be able to select atint color, and this tint color will be blended with the existing colorof the fabric template input. The amount or intensity of the tinting canbe increased or decreased, such as by using a slider bar.

The user can adjust intensity 1834. In an implementation, intensityadjusts a weight matrix by a percentage of each value in the array. Inan implementation, intensity (or brightness) adjusts an opacity of agenerated adjustment layer (see hue saturation lightness adjustmentlayer described below). The greater the opacity, the more opaque thislayer will appear in the preview or brief image. The less the opacity,the less opaque this layer will appear in the preview or brief image;the layer will appear more transparent so that the layer beneath willshow through more.

When increasing brightness, the opacity of the adjustment layerincreases, and since the adjustment layer is above the fabric templateinput, the generated adjustment layer will become more prominent orvisible, thus making this layer (which has the wear pattern) brighter.Similarly, when decreasing brightness, the opacity of the adjustmentlayer decreases, the generated adjustment layer will become lessprominent or visible, thus making this layer (which has the wearpattern) less bright or fainter. The amount of the intensity can beincreased or decreased, such as by using a slider bar.

The user can adjust bright point 1837. Bright point adjusts the effectof the laser input file on the fabric template input. In animplementation, bright point adjustment changes a midpoint of agrayscale, creating a piecewise linear mapping of the pattern file.

Increasing the bright point will increase an effect of the laser pattern(e.g., causing greater laser pattern highlights) in the laser input fileon the fabric template input, while decreasing the bright point does theopposite (e.g., diminishing laser pattern highlights). The bright pointadjustment can be analogous to changing a pixel time or the time thatthe laser stays at a particular position for a given input from thelaser input file. The amount of the bright point can be increased ordecreased, such as by using a slider bar.

The user can move 1842 or reposition a selected digital asset. Forexample, a damage input (or fabric template or laser file) may be movedto a position desired by the user. The user can rotate 1845 a selecteddigital asset. For example, a damage input (or fabric template or laserfile) may be rotated to any angle relative to the other layers asdesired by the user.

The user can scale 1848 a selected digital asset. This scaling can belocked, maintaining the original aspect ratio of the digital asset, orcan be unlocked, such that the user can change the aspect ratio. Theuser can warp 1852 a selected digital asset. With warping, the user canadjust an aspect ratio of a portion of the digital asset differentlyfrom another portion. For example, one portion of a damage input (orfabric template or laser file) can be squished (e.g., right and leftedges of image pushed toward each other) while another portion isexpanded (e.g., right and left edges of image pulled away from eachother).

After the user has performed selected operations 1826, the digital brieftool shows an image of the jeans with the laser finishing pattern,including any tinting, damage, or other adjustments, as created by theuser. This image can be saved and viewed again later. A user can createmultiple designs, and these can be saved together as part of acollection.

FIG. 19 shows a technique of generating a preview of a finished imageusing a digital brief tool. A base image (or fabric template input) isselected. A hue saturation lightness (HSL) adjustment layer is createdor generated for the selected base image. The HSL adjustment layer canbe the base layer with an adjustment for hue saturation lightness. Whentinting is selected, a solid color adjustment layer is created orgenerated. The solid color adjustment layer has a solid color (e.g.,yellow, green, red, blue, or other color that is used for tinting thegarment) that is in the same form or outline as the garment (e.g.,pants), as indicated by the dotted lines in the figure.

To obtain a final result, which is the final image of the jeans withlaser finishing pattern, a laser pattern mask is combined with the baseimage and HSL adjustment layer. A resulting combination will be based onintensity and bright point settings.

The laser pattern mask is a negative image or reverse image of the laserinput file. For the laser input file, during laser burning, a whitepixel means the pixel is not lasered (which results in the originalindigo color of the fabric), and a black pixel means the pixel will belasered at highest level (which results in the whitest color that can beachieved on the fabric). In an implementation, the laser input file has256 levels of gray, and for levels between 0 (e.g., black) and 255(e.g., white), then the amount of laser burning will be proportionallysomewhere in between.

FIG. 20 shows a block diagram of a technique of generating a preview ofa laser finishing pattern on a garment, such as jeans. The technique maybe embodied in a preview generation tool 2001. Inputs to a createpreview image process 2002 include a base template image 2007 and laserinput file 2009. The base template image is used to create an adjustedbase template image 2017, which is also input to the create previewimage process. These create preview image process uses these threeinputs to create a preview image 2027, which can be displayed on acomputer screen for the user.

The adjusted base template image is created from the base template imageby adjusting its hue, saturation, or lightness, or any combination ofthese. Compared to the original base template image, the adjusted basetemplate image will appear washed out or bleached. In other words, theadjusted base template image will appear as if the garment in the basetemplate image were fully bleached or lasered. The adjusted basetemplate image can be an HLS adjustment layer as discussed above.

Digital Brief Tool

Embodiments of a digital brief tool (or garment preview tool) mayexecute on Apple Inc.'s iPad Pro tablet computer device. Although thescreens portray the digital brief tool as executing on an iPad Pro,other suitable electronic devices may execute the digital brief tool.For example, the digital brief tool may execute on a Windows device(e.g., Windows 10 tablet), an Android device, other iPad product familymodels (e.g., iPad or iPad mini), or many other devices.

The iPad Pro 12.9 is a tablet device with rectangular dimensions of 12inches by 8.68 inch, and is 0.27 inches thick. The iPad Pro has a12.9-inch screen, and has nonvolatile memory storage of 64, 256, or 512gigabytes. The iPad Pro has network connectivity via Wi-Fi andoptionally cellular. The iPad Pro has an A10X Fusion chip with 64-bitarchitecture and an embedded M10 coprocessor. Some features of thedigital brief tool can be accelerated by using specialized featuresavailable in the A10X Fusion chip or embedded M10 coprocessor, or both.An operating system of the iPad Pro is Apple iOS 11 (or greater whenreleased). Further, the iPad Pro can be operated with a stylus, theApple Pencil product. And in an implementation, the use can use theApple Pencil with the digital brief tool.

The digital brief tool includes various features, allowing a designer toselect, create, and visualize how an apparel item will look with certaincharacteristics, before the apparel item is produced. The digital brieftool may allow the designer, for one or more characteristics of aproposed apparel item, to assign one or more options to each of thecharacteristics. While assigning the options for characteristics, thedigital brief tool allows the designer to see, based on currentlyassigned options, how the apparel item may appear when produced, in realtime as changes are made.

Selecting gender, series, fit, fabric, or other characteristics in thedigital brief tool may result in having only relevant options presentedto the designer. For example, some characteristics or options may bespecific to a particular gender. Upon selection of the particulargender, characteristics and options with the selected gender will appearfor the designer to use for a proposed apparel item.

In an implementation, the digital brief tool is adapted for use withproducing jeans. For example, the following figures may include variouscharacteristics and options relevant to designing and stylizing ofjeans. However, the digital brief tool may be adapted for use with otherapparel items, such as shirts, jackets, pants, or socks.

Some implementations of the digital brief tool are discussed in U.S.application Ser. Nos. 16/177,387, 16/177,412, and 16/177,407, filed Oct.31, 2018, and are incorporated by reference.

Apparel Management System

FIG. 21 shows a system for apparel manufacturing and sales, where theapparel can include garments that have been finished using laserfinishing. There is an apparel management system 2122, which controlsoperation of the system. The apparel management system is connected by anetwork 2124 to components of the system, including sales and ordering2126, manufacturing 2128, and distribution and delivery 2130 components.The network can be a computer network, such as the Internet.

Using the sales and order component, a customer can preview and selectsgarments to order. The customer can be a buyer for a retail store,internal buyer for retail sales of a region, regional salesperson, orother customer. The sales process can include using a variety of toolsto assist a customer with showing available products, selecting productsto purchase, keeping an order within budget, accessing a history ofprevious orders, and customizing and selecting fits, styles, and sizesof products. As an example, the customer can view products and order viaa digital showroom. The products are shown digitally, which reduces theamount of physical samples that need to be produced. Further, thecustomer can also order via a Web site managed by the apparel managementsystem. After the customer completes the order, the order is sent viathe network (e.g., Internet) to the apparel management system.

The apparel management system sends the order to the manufacturingcomponent, where the order is made. Manufacturing can include cuttingthe fabric material, assembling or sewing together the cut panels, andfinishing the apparel item using a laser. An apparel manufacturer canhave numerous manufacturing centers, and the apparel management systemwill send the order to a manufacturing center that is appropriate forthe customer and order. The determination is based on a location of thecustomer (e.g., shipping time to customer from manufacturing center) andthe apparel item selected (e.g., availability of material). The systemensures the order will be fulfilled efficiently in short amount of time.

In an implementation, the laser finishing is done after the garment isassembled. Specifically, the material is cut, assembled into a garment,and then the garment is finished using a laser. The finishing is basedon style or customization selected by the customer in the order.

In another implementation, the laser finishing is before the garment isassembled. Specifically, before the material is cut, fabric rolls orsheets of material are finished using the laser. The finishing is basedon style or customization selected by the customer in the order. Thenthe material is cut into panels, and the panels are assembled into thegarment.

After manufacture of the garments of the order is complete, the apparelmanagement system controls distribution, shipping, and delivering of theordered garments to the customer. The apparel management system can sendthe customer tracking information for the order so that the customer cantrack the order.

Depending on various factors which may delay manufacture of some items,an order with multiple items may be sent to the customer in multiplepartial shipments rather than a single complete shipment. The items notshipped at the same time will be shipped later when available. Theapparel management system handles communicating with the customerregarding delays and provides an estimate of when the customer canexpect to receive the items of the order.

Digital Showroom Tool

FIG. 22 shows block diagram of a digital showroom system, which can bepart of the sales and ordering component 2126 of the apparelmanufacturing and sales system. A digital showroom 2208 is a salesshowroom where customers can visit and see apparel products, selectproducts, and then enter orders. The digital showroom can include largedisplay panels or projectors for customers to view, one or more tabletdevices, user input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, pointer, touchscreen, or touch panel), physical displays (e.g., mannequins, models,sample base fabric templates, and other samples), and one or moreprojectors for use with the physical displays.

The digital showroom 2208 is connected via a network 2216 to a digitalshowroom computing system 2223, which controls operation of the devicesand tools available in the digital showroom. The network can be acomputer network. The digital showroom computing system has access to aproduct info database (e.g., product lifecycle management (PLM)database), base templates, and laser input files. Previews of garmentproducts can be shown on the display panels, tablet, or on the physicaldisplays, or any combination of these.

Order Tool

FIG. 23 shows an order tool 2301, which can be tool that is part of thedigital showroom system. Using the order tool, the customer can order agarment for manufacture and delivery. The order tool allows the customerto select a design, preview the design, and order the design. Thecustomer can select a preset design, make a custom design, or makesemicustom design. A semicustom design is a design based on a previousdesign, such as a preset design or a previously saved design, which ismodified to obtain a new design. The tool also allows the customerupload a design or portion or a design to be manufacture. For example,an image can be captured by a camera, which is then uploaded via theorder tool. The order tool allows selection of sizing.

Collection Imagery

FIGS. 24-32 describe a tool that allows showing a collection of apparelon customer imagery. This tool projects images of an apparel collectionselected by a customer onto an image supplied by the customer. With acustomer image and a single product or collection of products assembledinto an assortment via, for example, a digital brief tool, the user canplace the newly created or selected product, or both, into their ownimagery.

FIG. 24 shows a system diagram of a system using a collection imagerytool 2401. The tool 2401 obtains customer imagery 2405. For example, auser's device 2410 may be used to select the customer imagery. Thecustomer imagery 2405 may be images obtained from a web page, orderdocument, look book, or any other image that may be helpful for a userto understanding how garments may appear. The tool 2401 may be connectedto a manufacturer garments database 2415, which includes garmentsdesigned using the digital brief tool.

The tool 2401 includes a pose estimation feature that, for garmentswhich are worn or otherwise taken on a different shape when used,estimates a pose from the existing imagery.

FIG. 25 shows a flow for a system including the collection imagery tool.In a step 2501, the system includes providing a garment previewing tool.The garment previewing tool may be the digital brief tool, as describedelsewhere in this application. The digital brief may provide variousoptions for a user, such as providing options for the user to select abase garment image. For example, the base garment image may be a jeansbase garment. The base garment image may be composed of any materialsuitable for laser finishing. The user may also select a wear pattern,associated with a laser pattern file that may be processed to create thewear pattern onto a target garment corresponding to the base garmentimage. The user may also modify the position, the sizing, or acombination, of the wear pattern. For example, as the base garment imageis shown, the user may modify the position, the sizing, or thecombination, of the wear pattern. In response to, or in near real-time,the system may show to the user the modifications, without needing tofirst manufacture the target garment. Using the garment previewing tool,the user may also add a garment feature and modify the sizing orpositioning of the garment feature. Some garment features included withthe garment previewing tool includes a label, fastener, buckle,embellishment, embroidery, grommet, heat transfer pattern, lace, patch,printing, foil, ribbon, tab, foil, rivet, sequin, pocket, thread, orzipper.

In a step 2505, the system includes receiving a user-provided image. Theuser-provided image may be any image that the user feels will be usefulin understanding how their image would appear when replaced withgarments created using the garment previewing tool, such as anadvertisement, store signage, or other. For example, the user-providedimage may be a digital photo of one or more models wearing garments thatare sold by the user. The image includes a location that is appropriatefor a jeans garment, such as legs of a model captured in the image.

In a step 2510, the system includes segmenting the image. Segmenting theimage includes identifying where in the image items of interest appear.For example, the system may identify pants, accessories, tops, or othergarment areas.

In a step 2515, the system includes using pose estimation to determine apose where a garment appears. If the garment is a pair of jeans, thesystem determines whether the garment appears in the image then how thepair of jeans is being worn in the image. For example, a model wearingthe pair of jeans may have their leg bent or standing at a lean. Thesystem may determine that the knee area of the model includes anarticulation point and garments replacing the pair of jeans would needto similarly bend at the articulation point.

In a step 2520, the system includes modifying a garment preview image tocorrespond to the pose and replaces the garment in the image. Forexample, the garment preview image is created using the garment previewtool. The garment preview image is modified to show the pose determinedin step 2515, such as a lean or bent leg. In an implementation, one ormore garments are identified in the image. Two or more of the garmentsidentified are replaced in the image. The two or more garments may bedifferent types of garments, such as jeans, pants, shirts, jackets,handbags, or any other type of garment.

In an implementation, the system may use the distance methods asexplained in greater detail below. For example, the tool 2401 mayinclude a (i) direct image distance measurement or (ii) feature-basedimage distance measurement, or both.

In a step 2525, the system includes providing a target garment andcreating a wear pattern on the target garment. The target garmentincludes a real-world version of the base garment selected by the user.For example, the target garment is a pair of jeans, adapted for laserfinishing. From the input with modified sizing or positioning from theuser, the target garment is finished with the wear pattern. The targetgarment may be created using the garment preview image identified above.The garment preview image may be generated before creating the wearpattern on the target garment.

FIGS. 26-32 show a flow for the collection on collection imagery tool.The flow includes customer imagery, segmentation, pose estimation, andcollection projected onto imagery processes. A technique will locate thecustomer models and products in the image (segmentation) and estimatethe pose of the individuals (pose estimation). With this information thenewly created or selected product can oriented and placed into thecustomer imagery.

FIG. 26 shows an example of customer imagery. The imagery can beprovided by the customer or obtained from a customer Web site or otherpublicly available source (e.g., via a crawler process). These imagesmay be, for example, customer advertising with models wearing clothingfrom a different collection (e.g., different season) or wearingcompetitor's products.

FIG. 27 shows an example of a segmentation process performed on customerimagery. The segmentation process has identified one or more products,features, locations, or items of interest in the image, such as a personor people, a handbag, and an umbrella. In this figure, boxes are drawnaround the segmented items.

FIG. 28 shows an example of a pose estimation process performed oncustomer imagery. The pose estimation process determines, for a personin the image, where the person's head or other body appendages or partsare positioned or located. This process can use a wire model of humananatomy, to understand where various parts of the person are shown inthe image. FIG. 28 includes an example of pose estimation with a wiremodel 2801 of human anatomy overlaid on an image of a person. In FIG.28, the process has determined a pose of the person who is standingupright, with their left arm raised to their head. RH 2805 represents anidentified right hip point, LH 2810 represents an identified left hippoint, RK 2815 represents an identified right knee point, LK 2820represents an identified left knee point. Using these points, the tool2401 can determine approximately where a pants garment appears in theimage as well as, if the pants garment were to be replaced, what areasof the image would need to be replaced and how the replacement shouldappear (e.g., level and areas of distortions needed).

FIG. 29 shows a result of the collection on collection imagery tool. Inthis image, the original products or garments being worn by the modelshave been replaced with products from the customer's collection (e.g.,LS&Co. products). This new image will give the customer an idea of anappearance of a collection, and this image can be used as part of newadvertising by the customer for the new collection.

FIG. 30 shows a more detailed flow for the collection on collectionimagery tool. As inputs, customer imagery from marketing or a customimage, and apparel information is provided. The customer imagery may bein a photo or video format.

The photo or video of the customer imagery is used for subject imagesegmentation. Subject locations are used for product segmentation whichproduces product locations. The photo or video of the customer imageryis used for image subject pose estimation. The customer imageryprojection tool may determine, for a person in the image, where theperson's head or other parts are located.

With the product locations, the subject pose, and the product images,product views are created based on subject pose and product locations.For example, based on the person's pose, products that are projectedonto the person are in the proper pose. With the photo or video from thecustomer imagery and the oriented product views, projections usingcustomer imagery is created.

Techniques are used to determine locations of persons in a customerimage with products in the image (segmentation) and estimate the pose ofthe individuals (pose estimation). With this information the newlycreated/selected product can be oriented and placed into the customerimagery.

FIG. 31 shows some specific techniques for segmentation, poseestimation, and image replacement or modification. A region-basedconvolutional neural networks (R-CNN) technique is used for segmentationand pose estimation, and a pix2pix-inspired generative adversarialnetworks (GAN) technique is used for image replacement or modification.An R-CNN technique may be used to determine location and poseinformation of persons in an image, such as mask R-CNN or faster R-CNNtechniques. The R-CNN may be trained on a publicly available image set,such as the common objects in context (COCO) image set.

With the location and the pose information of persons in the photo, thecustomer imagery projection tool can use GAN techniques to translatebetween undeformed images of a garment to a project that garment into aform (e.g., deformed) and position that will properly fit the person inthe image.

An implementation of a GAN technique that may be used is described inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/177,393, filed Oct. 31, 2018.

FIG. 32 shows an illustration of differences between a faster R-CNNtechnique and the mask R-CNN technique. The mask R-CNN technique may besimpler to train and add a small overhead compared to the faster R-CNNtechnique, which runs at about five frames per second. The mask R-CNNtechnique may be easier to generalize to other tasks as compared to thefaster R-CNN technique, so that is easier to adapt to various use casessuch as to estimate human poses. The faster R-CNN may also be betteradapted to identify regions in images where items of interest mayappear. This reduces the overall time of running faster R-CNN, andprovides valuable results also identifying where in an image an objectof interest appears.

Inventory Swapper

FIGS. 33-38 describe an inventory swapper tool. For example, before acustomer arrives at a digital showroom of an apparel manufacturer orseller, a swapper crawler tool will scrape the customer's Web site andother publicly available information sources to gather intelligence onexisting inventory or products carried by the customer.

FIG. 33 shows a system diagram of a system including an inventoryswapper tool 3301. A user's device 3303 connects onto the tool 3301. Thetool 3301 includes an asset import feature that obtains a customer asset3305, such as a webpage, digital collection, or other informationincluding information on what is currently offered by the user. Thecustomer asset 3305 may be offered or identified by the user themselvesor obtained from publicly available information.

The tool 3301 includes a garment location identifier feature. Forexample, the customer asset is in digital format or is digitized, sothat the tool 3301 can do an analysis of what is displayed in thecustomer asset. The customer asset is analyzed to identify one or moregarments in the customer asset, as well as related information usefulfor comparison by the tool 3301. Multiple garments or accessories may beidentified in a single customer asset. The tool 3301 includes a distancecalculator feature that, for each of the garments identified by thegarment location identifier feature, compares the identified garmentswith manufacturer garments database 3310. In an implementation, thegarment location identifier feature may include the segmentation featureas discussed above to identify where apparel appears in the customerasset.

The tool 3301 includes a populator feature that populates the customerasset keeping a similar layout as used in the customer asset, but withthe identified garments replaced by a garment identified in themanufacturer garments database 3310. The populator feature may use thepose estimation feature described above to properly distort images ofgarments stored in the garment database 3310 so that it appearssimilarly to the customer's asset.

In an implementation where the customer asset 3305 is a web page, thetool 3301 may include a code analysis feature. The code analysis featuremay analyze code of the user used to create the web page to identifygarment location and associated locations where images for the garmentsare stored, as well as other useful information identifying the garmentsstored. The code may be HTML code or other code executable on a browser.

FIG. 34 shows a flow of a system including an inventory swapper tool. Ina step 3401, the system includes providing a garment previewing tool.The garment previewing tool may be the digital brief tool, as describedelsewhere in this application. The digital brief may provide variousoptions for a user, such as providing options for the user to select abase garment image. For example, the base garment image may be a jeansbase garment. The base garment image may be composed of any materialsuitable for laser finishing. The user may also select a wear pattern,associated with a laser pattern file that may be processed to create thewear pattern onto a target garment corresponding to the base garmentimage. The user may also modify the position, the sizing, or acombination, of the wear pattern. For example, as the base garment imageis shown, the user may modify the position, the sizing, or thecombination, of the wear pattern. In response to, or in near real-time,the system may show to the user the modifications, without needing tofirst manufacture the target garment. Using the garment previewing tool,the user may also add a garment feature and modify the sizing orpositioning of the garment feature. Some garment features included withthe garment previewing tool includes a label, fastener, buckle,embellishment, embroidery, grommet, heat transfer pattern, lace, patch,printing, foil, ribbon, tab, foil, rivet, sequin, pocket, thread, orzipper.

In a step 3405, the system includes receiving an existing webpage andidentifying existing garments. The existing webpage includes a webpageof the user. The webpage may be a webpage that customers of the user mayview to see items that they may decided to purchase. There may bemultiple images of each garment available for sale on the existingwebpage.

In an implementation, the system includes code analysis of the existingwebpage. For example, HTML code of the existing webpage may identifyimages for items sold on the existing webpage, such as throughidentification of HTML tags, image storage locations, and otherinformation of the existing webpage.

In a step 3410, the system includes identifying similar garments. Forexample, each garment on the existing webpage is extracted and analyzedto determine a garment created using the garment previewing tool that issimilar to the existing garment.

In a step 3415, the system includes replacing existing garments withsimilar garments.

In a step 3420, the system includes providing a target garment andcreating a wear pattern on the target garment. The target garmentincludes a real-world version of the base garment selected by the user.For example, the target garment is a pair of jeans, adapted for laserfinishing. From the input with modified sizing or positioning from theuser, the target garment is finished with the wear pattern. The targetgarment may be created using the garment preview image identified above.The garment preview image may be generated before creating the wearpattern on the target garment.

FIG. 35 shows an overview of an inventory swapper tool. The swapper toolcompares competitor's product (e.g., Wrangler) on a web page 3501against offerings of the manufacturer (e.g., LS&Co.). A comparison 3505(e.g., presented in a bar chart or graphs) can highlight water savings,recycled fibers, cohesive brand strategy, fulfillment response, and soforth in order to increase brand presence in store, and transitionlarger share to manufacturer's products to activate volume discounts.

If an existing garment does not exist for the manufacturer, other tools(e.g., digital brief tool) can be preselected to create a custom garment(e.g., via laser finishing) that is similar to the competitor's product.

FIG. 36 shows a flow for an inventory swapper technique. Inputs include(i) customer existing product imagery (e.g., product photos) from Website or other publicly available information sources and (ii)manufacturer's inventory imagery and product database (e.g., productphotos). Photos from these two sources are compared and evaluated usingdistance methods to determine potential product matches (e.g.,determination of close distance). For the products from the two sourcesthat are close distances, the product specifications are compared and amatching percentage is based on various garment statistics or metrics.The result is graphical information to populate a swapper graphical userinterface (GUI) with comparisons information.

FIG. 37 shows some distances methods that can be used in swapper. Thedistance method will measure the distance between images and is used torecommend similar looking product without the need for direct userinput, which can be time consuming.

The distance methods can include a (i) direct image distance measurementor (ii) feature-based image distance measurement, or both, or somecombination of these methods. As shown on a left-side of the FIG. 3701,a direct distance method uses an image of matching type and scale. Adirect pixel value distance can be calculated. Shown on a right-side ofthe FIG. 3704 is a feature-based image method. In a feature-based imagemethod, the tool determines what features are available with theexisting product. The tool creates clusters of garments, each with oneor more of the features available with the existing product. Productsthat share the most features with the existing product are the closestto the existing product. This involves an unsupervised image clusteringanalysis using machine learning methods.

FIG. 38 shows flows for the direct image distance measurement (upperflow 3801) and feature-based image distance measurement (lower flow3805) distance method approaches.

For the upper flow 3801 on the direct image distance measurement, thecustomer product image is input to a laser pattern type image conversionprocess, which results in a type converted image. This type convertedimage is scale adjusted, which results in a scale adjusted patternimage. The scale adjusted pattern image and the manufacturer's patterndatabase (e.g., laser file input files) are input to a direct pixelbased image measurement process. Based on this process, the distance ofthe pixels of the images are determined, which results in an imagedistance score. A result of this distance method is to find similarimages to that of the competitor's product.

In an implementation, the tool 3301 uses GAN techniques to extractinformation used to determine distance. For example, a wear pattern usedby a garment in existing customer imagery may be useful for distancematching. After the image of the garment has been identified, it may bedifficult to match the used wear pattern with a wear pattern that may becreated using a laser as used by the digital brief tool, especiallysince a laser file used by the digital brief tool is in a 2D format.Using a generative adversarial network technique, the tool 3301 canextract a wear pattern in the existing customer imagery. The extractedwear pattern can then be compared to wear patterns used by the digitalbrief tool.

For the lower flow 3805 feature-based image distance measurement, neuralnetwork training is performed on a database of images, which includeimages of competitor's garments and the manufacturer's garments. Theneural network performs unsupervised image clustering. A result of thetraining is a trained model. The result is a model that can be used as adeep feature based distance measurement model. When the model is given acustomer or competitor image (e.g., Wranglers) and a manufacturer'simage (e.g., LS&Co.), the model outputs a distance or an image distancescore. This score is used to find similar images to that of thecompetitor's product.

This description of the invention has been presented for the purposes ofillustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or tolimit the invention to the precise form described, and manymodifications and variations are possible in light of the teachingabove. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to bestexplain the principles of the invention and its practical applications.This description will enable others skilled in the art to best utilizeand practice the invention in various embodiments and with variousmodifications as are suited to a particular use. The scope of theinvention is defined by the following claims.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: providing a garmentpreviewing tool that allows previewing on a computer screen of a garmentbase customized by a user with a finishing pattern, wherein the garmentpreviewing tool includes: providing an option for the user to select thegarment base and upon the user's selection, showing a first garmentpreview image on the computer screen comprising a jeans base image forthe selected garment base, providing an option for the user to select awear pattern from a menu of wear patterns, and after the wear pattern isselected, allowing the user to modify a sizing or position of the wearpattern relative to the jeans base image; in response to a selectionfrom the user to modify the sizing or positioning of the wear patternrelative to the jeans base image, creating a garment preview imagecomprising the jeans base image and selected wear pattern, with modifiedsizing or modified positioning, or a combination, and the garmentpreview image is generated by a method comprising generating an adjustedbase image from the jeans base image without the selected wear pattern,generating a pattern mask based on a laser input file associated withthe selected wear pattern, for a pixel at a pixel location of thegarment preview image, obtaining a first contribution by combining afirst value associated with a pixel of the pattern mask at a patternmask pixel location that corresponds to the pixel location of thegarment preview image and a value of a pixel of the jeans base image ata base image pixel location that corresponds to the pixel location ofthe garment preview image, for the pixel at the pixel location of thegarment preview image, obtaining a second contribution by combining asecond value associated with the pixel of the pattern mask at thepattern mask pixel location that corresponds to the pixel location ofthe garment preview image and a value of a pixel of the adjusted baseimage at an adjusted base image pixel location that corresponds to thepixel location of the garment preview image, combining the firstcontribution and second contribution to obtain a combined value for thepixel at the pixel location of the garment preview image, and displayingthe pixel of the garment preview image as a color on the computerscreen, wherein the color of the pixel corresponds to the combinedvalue; receiving a user-provided image, wherein the user-provided imagecomprises one or more persons captured in the user-provided image andthe user-provided image has at least one location suitable for includinga jeans garment; analyzing the user-provided image using segmentinganalysis to identify one or more locations in the user-provided imagewhere garments may be placed, wherein the one or more locationsincluding a first location identifies a location suitable for includinga jeans garment; for the first location, determining a first pose of aperson at the first location captured in the user-provided image;modifying the garment preview image based on the first pose captured inthe user-provided image; and replacing at least a portion of theuser-provided image at the first location with the modified garmentpreview image.
 2. The method of claim 1 comprising: for a second garmentcreated using the garment previewing tool, creating a second garmentpreview image comprising a second jeans base image and second selectedwear pattern, with modified sizing or modified positioning, or acombination; for a second location, determining a second pose of aperson at the second location captured in the user-provided image;modifying the second garment preview image based on the second posecaptured in the user-provided image; and replacing at least a portion ofthe user-provided image at the second location with the modified secondgarment preview image.
 3. The method of claim 1 comprising: determininga second location in the user-provided image where an accessory orclothing top may be placed; and replacing at least a portion of theuser-provided image at the second location with an image of an accessoryor clothing top.
 4. The method of claim 1 wherein determining the firstpose comprises detecting an articulation point corresponding to a kneearea of the person captured in the user-provided image and the modifiedgarment preview image comprises an adjustment for the articulationpoint.
 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the user-provided imagecomprises an advertisement.
 6. The method of claim 1 wherein theuser-provided image comprises store signage.
 7. The method of claim 1wherein a method of manufacturing the target garment comprises:assembling the target garment from fabric panels of a woven firstmaterial comprising a warp comprising indigo ring-dyed cotton yarn,wherein the fabric panels are sewn together using thread.
 8. The methodof claim 1 wherein based on the laser input file, a laser removesselected amounts of material from a surface of a material of a targetgarment at different pixel locations of the garment, and for lighterpixel locations of the finishing pattern, a greater amount of thematerial is removed, while for darker pixel locations of the finishingpattern, a lesser amount of the material is removed.
 9. The method ofclaim 1 wherein when using a laser to create a finishing pattern,different laser levels are obtained by varying an output of the laser byaltering a characteristic of the laser comprising at least one of afrequency, period, pulse width, power, duty cycle, or burning speed. 10.The method of claim 1 wherein a target garment is made of at least oneof a twill material or a cotton twill material.
 11. The method of claim1 wherein the garment base corresponds to a base fit fabric and the basefit fabric includes known characteristics regarding the suitability ofthe base fit fabric for finishing using a laser.
 12. The method of claim1 comprising: providing a target garment corresponding to the garmentbase selected by the user; and based on the laser input file associatedwith the selected wear pattern with modified sizing or modifiedpositioning, or a combination, using a laser to create a finishingpattern on an outer surface of the target garment.
 13. The method ofclaim 1 comprising: locating in the user-provided image two or morecustomer models shown in the user-provided image; and performingsegmentation analysis to determine one or more products worn by the twoor more customer models.
 14. The method of claim 1 wherein theuser-provided image comprises at least one of an IMG, TIFF, EXIF, JPEG,GIF, PNG, PBM, PPM, BMP, or RAW file.
 15. A method comprising: providinga garment previewing tool that allows previewing on a computer screen ofa garment base customized by a user with a finishing pattern, whereinthe garment previewing tool includes: providing an option for the userto select the garment base and upon the user's selection, showing afirst garment preview image on the computer screen comprising a garmentbase image for the selected garment base, providing an option for theuser to select a wear pattern from a menu of wear patterns, and afterthe wear pattern is selected, allowing the user to modify a sizing orposition of the wear pattern relative to the garment base image; inresponse to a selection from the user to modify the sizing orpositioning of the wear pattern relative to the garment base image,creating a garment preview image comprising the garment base image andselected wear pattern, with modified sizing or modified positioning, ora combination, and the garment preview image is generated by a methodcomprising generating an adjusted base image from the garment base imagewithout the selected wear pattern, generating a pattern mask based on alaser input file associated with the selected wear pattern, for a pixelat a pixel location of the garment preview image, obtaining a firstcontribution by combining a first value associated with a pixel of thepattern mask at a pattern mask pixel location that corresponds to thepixel location of the garment preview image and a value of a pixel ofthe garment base image at a base image pixel location that correspondsto the pixel location of the garment preview image, for the pixel at thepixel location of the garment preview image, obtaining a secondcontribution by combining a second value associated with the pixel ofthe pattern mask at the pattern mask pixel location that corresponds tothe pixel location of the garment preview image and a value of a pixelof the adjusted base image at an adjusted base image pixel location thatcorresponds to the pixel location of the garment preview image,combining the first contribution and second contribution to obtain acombined value for the pixel at the pixel location of the garmentpreview image, and displaying the pixel of the garment preview image asa color on the computer screen, wherein the color of the pixelcorresponds to the combined value; receiving a user-provided image,wherein the user-provided image comprises an image of at least oneperson wearing apparel; analyzing the user-provided image andidentifying a first location in the user-provided image where the personis wearing a garment; determining a pose of the garment in theuser-provided image; modifying the garment preview image based on thepose; replacing an image of the garment of the user-provided image withthe modified garment preview image.
 16. The method of claim 15 whereinthe garment comprises a pair of jeans.
 17. The method of claim 15wherein the garment comprises a pair of pants.
 18. The method of claim15 wherein the garment comprises a tops garment.
 19. A methodcomprising: providing a garment previewing tool that allows previewingon a computer screen of a garment base customized by a user with afinishing pattern, wherein the garment previewing tool includes:providing an option for the user to select the garment base and upon theuser's selection, showing a first garment preview image on the computerscreen comprising a garment base image for the selected garment base,providing an option for the user to select a wear pattern from a menu ofwear patterns, and after the wear pattern is selected, allowing the userto modify a sizing or position of the wear pattern relative to thegarment base image; in response to a selection from the user to modifythe sizing or positioning of the wear pattern relative to the garmentbase image, creating a garment preview image comprising the garment baseimage and selected wear pattern, with modified sizing or modifiedpositioning, or a combination, and the garment preview image isgenerated by a method comprising generating an adjusted base image fromthe garment base image without the selected wear pattern, generating apattern mask based on a laser input file associated with the selectedwear pattern, for a pixel at a pixel location of the garment previewimage, obtaining a first contribution by combining a first valueassociated with a pixel of the pattern mask at a pattern mask pixellocation that corresponds to the pixel location of the garment previewimage and a value of a pixel of the garment base image at a base imagepixel location that corresponds to the pixel location of the garmentpreview image, for the pixel at the pixel location of the garmentpreview image, obtaining a second contribution by combining a secondvalue associated with the pixel of the pattern mask at the pattern maskpixel location that corresponds to the pixel location of the garmentpreview image and a value of a pixel of the adjusted base image at anadjusted base image pixel location that corresponds to the pixellocation of the garment preview image, combining the first contributionand second contribution to obtain a combined value for the pixel at thepixel location of the garment preview image, and displaying the pixel ofthe garment preview image as a color on the computer screen, wherein thecolor of the pixel corresponds to the combined value; receiving auser-provided image, wherein the user-provided image comprises an imageof of a person; analyzing the user-provided image and identifying alocation where a garment may be placed; determining a pose of the personin the user-provided image; modifying the garment preview image based onthe pose; and placing the modified garment preview image in theuser-provided image.
 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the garmentcomprises a pair of jeans.